1. What is the Impact Speed Formula?

The impact speed formula calculates the velocity of an object at the moment of impact when dropped from a certain height under constant gravitational acceleration. This is derived from the principles of free fall motion in physics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the impact speed formula:

Where:

• \( v \) — Impact speed (m/s)
• \( g \) — Gravitational acceleration (m/s²)
• \( h \) — Drop height (m)

Explanation: This formula is derived from the conservation of energy principle, where potential energy at the drop height is converted entirely to kinetic energy at impact.

3. Importance of Impact Speed Calculation

Details: Calculating impact speed is crucial for safety engineering, accident reconstruction, sports science, and understanding the forces involved in falls and collisions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter height in meters and gravitational acceleration in m/s² (Earth's gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s²). All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Does this formula account for air resistance?
A: No, this formula assumes free fall in a vacuum without air resistance. In real-world scenarios, air resistance reduces the actual impact speed.

Q2: What is the standard value for gravity on Earth?
A: The standard gravitational acceleration on Earth is approximately 9.81 m/s², though it varies slightly with latitude and altitude.

Q3: Can this be used for objects thrown downward?
A: This formula is specifically for objects dropped from rest (initial velocity = 0). For thrown objects, additional initial velocity terms are needed.

Q4: How does height affect impact speed?
A: Impact speed increases with the square root of height - doubling the height increases impact speed by about 41%.

Q5: What are typical impact speeds from common heights?
A: From 10m: ~14 m/s (50 km/h), from 50m: ~31 m/s (112 km/h), from 100m: ~44 m/s (158 km/h).