Aortic Root Index Calculator

Aortic Root Index Formula:

\[ Index = \frac{Diameter\ (cm)}{BSA\ (m²)} \]

Aortic Root Index:

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1. What is Aortic Root Index?

The Aortic Root Index is a measurement that normalizes aortic root diameter to body surface area (BSA). It provides a more accurate assessment of aortic size by accounting for individual body size variations, making it particularly useful in pediatric populations and for comparing patients of different sizes.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Aortic Root Index formula:

\[ Index = \frac{Diameter\ (cm)}{BSA\ (m²)} \]

Where:

\( Diameter \) — Aortic root diameter in centimeters (cm)
\( BSA \) — Body surface area in square meters (m²)

Explanation: This indexing method allows for better comparison of aortic dimensions across patients of different body sizes, reducing the confounding effect of body habitus on aortic measurements.

3. Importance of Aortic Root Index

Details: The indexed aortic root measurement is crucial for diagnosing aortic dilation, monitoring patients with connective tissue disorders (like Marfan syndrome), assessing risk for aortic dissection, and determining appropriate timing for surgical intervention.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter aortic root diameter in centimeters and body surface area in square meters. Both values must be positive numbers. BSA can be calculated using various formulas (Du Bois, Mosteller, etc.) based on height and weight.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why index aortic root to BSA?
A: Indexing to BSA accounts for body size differences, providing a more accurate assessment of whether an aortic root is truly dilated for a given patient's body habitus.

Q2: What are normal Aortic Root Index values?
A: Normal values typically range from 1.5-2.1 cm/m² in adults, but reference ranges may vary by age, gender, and population. Always consult institution-specific normal values.

Q3: How is aortic root diameter measured?
A: Typically measured by echocardiography at end-diastole at the level of the sinuses of Valsalva, using the leading-edge to leading-edge technique.

Q4: When is aortic root considered dilated?
A: Generally considered dilated when indexed value exceeds 2.1 cm/m², but specific criteria depend on clinical context and underlying conditions.

Q5: Are there limitations to this indexing method?
A: May be less accurate in extremes of body composition (very muscular or obese individuals) and in certain ethnic populations. Clinical judgment should always accompany numerical values.